Finding Focus: Medication for ADHD
ADHD, or Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, affects millions of children, teenagers, and adults, impairing their ability to concentrate, focus, and organize daily activities. Those living with ADHD often feel frustrated, distracted, and disorganized, have intense ups and downs, and as a result, may experience low self-esteem.1
Imagine being constantly in trouble at school, misunderstood by teachers and parents alike, and feeling out of control. This is a common childhood experience for individuals with ADHD, who often feel their actions are not in line with societal expectations. Many recount feeling angry and sad before discovering the reason behind their situation —ADHD. The moment of clarity comes when a diagnosis is made, and for many, the subsequent prescription of ADHD medication alters their life trajectory remarkably.2
Understanding ADHD Symptoms and Treatments
ADHD is a neurodevelopmental disorder that manifests through various symptoms, including impulsivity, excessive energy, and emotional turbulence. These symptoms can severely impact quality of life, academic and career performance,, and mental health. For many, untreated ADHD spirals into symptoms of depression or anxiety. Yet, the advent of effective medications and other therapeutic interventions, offers a solution, helping individuals regain control and improve their overall well-being.3
The Role of ADHD Medication
Medication, particularly stimulants, can be a cornerstone in managing symptoms for many individuals with ADHD. Once individuals find a medication that is effective in managing their symptoms, they often experience a significant shift. They find they can focus better, organize their lives more effectively, and even begin to build a positive self-image. The ability to focus and function on a day-to-day basis makes a substantial difference with academic and work performance, interpersonal relationships, and typical daily activities.3
Stimulant Medications: An Option for ADHD Treatment
Stimulants are the most common medications prescribed for ADHD. They are often the first choice for healthcare providers because of their well-documented success rates. These medications work by activating specific chemicals and regions in the brain that enhance attention and focus. Many patients report a significant reduction in symptoms shortly after starting stimulant medication, which can drastically improve their day-to-day functioning and academic or professional performance.4
However, stimulants are not without their challenges. Some individuals experience side effects such as decreased appetite and trouble sleeping. Patients must work closely with their healthcare providers to find the right dosage and minimize any adverse effects. For children, some adults have concerns regarding whether or not stimulants are habit-forming. Stimulant medications for ADHD are generally not habit-forming when appropriately prescribed and managed by a healthcare provider. Additionally, there is no evidence that taking ADHD stimulant medication as a youth will lead to future substance use. Adults should work collaboratively with the child’s healthcare provider to ensure the effectiveness and safety of their specific medication.4
Non-Stimulant Medications: An Alternative Approach
For those who either do not respond well to stimulants or experience too many side effects, non-stimulant medications offer an effective alternative option. These medications often include prescriptions initially designed to treat depression, anxiety, and high blood pressure, but have been found effective in managing ADHD symptoms. Non-stimulants can be a crucial part of a comprehensive ADHD treatment plan, providing relief when stimulant medications aren’t effective.4
The Importance of a Holistic Treatment Plan
While medication can significantly improve focus and attention, the best results often come from combining medication with other therapeutic approaches. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and parental coaching have been shown to enhance the effectiveness of medication, providing individuals with ADHD and their families the strategies to manage symptoms better. These combined treatments help patients build skills to organize their lives, manage impulsivity, and navigate emotional challenges.
It’s important to note that research shows that many times ADHD comes with several positive traits that can be real strengths.6 For example, people with ADHD often show creativity, adventurousness, persistence, and a good sense of humor.7 Women with ADHD have also described traits like high energy, determination, and a love for new challenges as advantages.8 Hyperfocus, or the ability to concentrate deeply on tasks they enjoy for long periods, is another common strength.7 These qualities can help people with ADHD thrive in many areas of life and should be considered when working with a healthcare provider on a treatment plan that works best for the individual with ADHD.
Finding Hope Through Treatment
Living with ADHD can be overwhelming, but the right treatment plan can bring remarkable changes. People with ADHD can lead fulfilling lives by managing their symptoms through a combination of medication and therapy. They can regain control over their focus, energy, and emotions, finding a balance that allows them to thrive.
Medication for ADHD, whether stimulants or non-stimulants, serves as a critical tool in the journey toward improved concentration and organization. With the guidance of healthcare professionals and the support of therapy, individuals with ADHD can rediscover their potential and regain hope for the future.
Sources:
- CDC. (2024, May 15). Symptoms of ADHD. Attention-Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). https://www.cdc.gov/adhd/signs-symptoms/index.html
- Pedersen, A. B., Edvardsen, B. V., Messina, S. M., Volden, M. R., Weyandt, L. L., & Lundervold, A. J. (2024). Self-Esteem in Adults With ADHD Using the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale: A Systematic Review. Journal of attention disorders, 28(7), 1124–1138. https://doi.org/10.1177/10870547241237245
- Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: What You Need to Know. (2024). National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH). https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder-what-you-need-to-know
- CHADD. (2018). Managing Medication - CHADD. CHADD. https://chadd.org/for-parents/managing-medication/
- NIMH» Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. (n.d.). Www.nimh.nih.gov. https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder-adhd#part_2291
- Charabin, E., Climie, E. A., Miller, C., Jelinkova, K., & Wilkins, J. (2023). “I’m Doing Okay”: Strengths and Resilience of Children With and Without ADHD. Journal of Attention Disorders, 27(9), 1009-1019. https://doi.org/10.1177/10870547231167512
- Sedgwick J. A., Merwood A., Asherson P. (2019). The positive aspects of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: A qualitative investigation of successful adults with ADHD. ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders, 11(3), 241–253. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12402-018-0277-6
- Holthe M. E. G., Langvik E. (2017). The strives, struggles, and successes of women diagnosed with ADHD as adults. SAGE Open, 7(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244017701799
